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約魯巴語

語言的一種

約魯巴語(約魯巴語:èdè Yorùbá,英語:Yoruba language),屬於尼日-剛果語系科爾多凡語族,為孤立聲調語言,意即它沒有詞形變化,且以聲調辨義,約魯巴語的句法結構為SVO。

語言信息


約魯巴語 (本名èdè Yorùbá)是西非超過2500萬人使用的方言連續體。它是約魯巴人的母語,使用在奈及利亞、貝南、多哥、巴西、獅子山、北迦納、古巴

音系


約魯巴語有三種可能的音節:單獨母(V)、子音+母音(CV)和母音化鼻音(N)。且每個音節都有三種聲調:高‹´›、中 ‹¯›(一般可不標明)和低‹`›。由'n̄ ò lọ'(意即“我不去”)這個句子可知約魯巴語的聲調結構:
n̄—[ŋ̄]—意即“我”、ò—[ó]—意即“不”、此為否定詞lọ—[lɔ]—意即“去”
母音
標準的約魯巴語具有七個非鼻化母音及五個非鼻化母音。約魯巴語沒有雙母音,而多個並排的母音中,每個單獨的母音都為獨立音節,並以此發音。其他方言的母音數可能會有不同。約魯巴語母音圖非鼻化母音以黑點表示其位置,鼻化母音以著色色塊表示其可能的範圍。
約魯巴語
約魯巴語
非鼻化音母鼻化音母
iuĩũ
中閉eo
中開ɛɔɛ̃ɔ̃
a
第五個鼻化母音[ã]的狀態是極具爭議性的。雖然此音出現於交談中,但一些作者認為此音不與其他音素對立;而此音也常常是[ɔ̃]的自由變體在書寫上,除非是在碰到作為/l/同位異音的[n](見“子音”一節)出現在鼻化母音前的狀況,例如 inú這個表“內部、度子”的字,它在事實上的發音是[īnṹ]。不然一般常藉由在母音符號后加‹n›來表鼻化母音(ie,‹in›, ‹un›, ‹ẹn›, ‹ọn›)。

約魯巴語原文


使用範圍

Yorùbá jẹ ọkan lara awọn ede mẹrin ti o se itẹwọgba ni Naijeria o si jẹ ọkan lara awọn ẹka -ede ti Naija-Kongo. Bi i miliọnu mejilelogun eniyan ni n sọ ede naa ni iwọ oorun-mọ-guusu Naijeria, orilẹ ede Benin, Togo, Ilu Ọba (UK), ati ni Amẹrika。

字母

字母與英語相對發音
aEnglish word 'ahh'
bEnglish word 'bee'
dEnglish word 'dee'
eEnglish letter 'a'
English sound of 'e' in 'let'
fEnglish word 'fee'
gEnglish sound of 'g' in 'get'
gbVery 'hard sounding' 'b'.
hEnglish word 'he'
iEnglish letter 'e'
jEnglish letter 'g'
kEnglish word 'key'
lEnglish word 'lee'
mEnglish word 'me'
n'nee'
oEnglish letter 'o'
English sound 'au' as in word 'fault'
pVery hard-sounding 'p'.
r're'
sEnglish word 'see'
English word 'she'
tEnglish word 'tea'
uEnglish sound of 'oo' in word 'loose'
wEnglish word 'we'
yEnglish word 'ye'

常用語

英語約魯巴語
WelcomeẸ ku abọ
HelloẸ n lẹ
How are you?
I'm fine, thanks. And you?
̣Se daadaa ni o wa?
Mo wa daadaa,o ̣se. Iwọ naa n kọ?
Long time no seeO to ọjọ mẹta o
What's your name?
My name is
Ki ni orukọ rẹ?
Orukọ mi ni
Where are you from?
I'm from
Nibo ni o ti wa?
Mo wa lati
Pleased to meet youInu mi dun lati mọ ọ
Good morningẸ ku aarọ
Good afternoonẸ ku ọsan
Good eveningẸ ku alẹ
Good nightO da aarọ
GoodbyeO da abọ
Good luckYoo dara o
CheersAyọ ni o
Have a nice dayOni a dara o
Bon appetitOunjẹ ajẹye o
Bon voyageO da abọ .
I don't understandKo ye emi
Please speak more slowlyJọwọ, rọra maa sọrọ
Please say that againJọwọ, tun un sọ
Please write it downJọwọ, kọ ọ silẹ
Do you speak Yorùbá?
Yes, a little
̣Se o n sọ Yorùbá?
Bẹẹ ni,diẹ
How do you say ... in Yorùbá?Bawo ni o se le sọ,ni Yorùbá
Excuse meẸ ̣se fun mi
How much is this?Eelo ni eyi?
SorryPẹlẹ
Thank you
Not at all
O ̣se
Ko to ọpẹ
Where's the toilet?Nibo ni ile igbọnsẹ wa?
This gentleman/lady will pay for everythingAlagba/Iyaafin yii yoo sanwo fun gbogbo rẹ
Would you like to dance with me?̣Se iwọ maa ba mi jo?
I love youMo nifẹẹ rẹ
Get well soonDa ara ya o
Leave me alone!Fi mi silẹ
Help!、Fire!、Stop!Ẹ gba mi o!、Ina o!、Duro nbẹ!
Call the police!Pe awọn ọlọpaa
Merry Christmas and Happy New YearẸ ku Ayọ Keresimesi ati Ọdun Tuntun
Happy EasterẸ ku Ayọ Ajinde
Happy BirthdayẸ ku Ayọ Ọjọ Ibi
One language is never enoughEde kan ko to ri rara
My hovercraft is full of eelsỌkọ afategun-sare mi kun fun ẹja arọ