鐵路營業里程
鐵路營業里程
鐵路營業里程亦稱“營業長度”。在一定時期內辦理客貨運輸業務的鐵路正線總長度。全線或部分建成雙線及以上的線路，以第一線的實際長度計算；複線、站線、段管線、岔線和特殊用途線以及不計算運費的聯絡線不計算營業里程。反映鐵路運輸業基礎設施發展水平的重要指標。是計算客貨周轉量、運輸密度和機車車輛運用效率等指標的基礎資料。到2017年底，全國鐵路營業里程達到12.7萬公里，其中高鐵2.5萬公里，佔世界高鐵總量的66.3%。我國鐵路客運周轉量、貨運發送量、換算周轉量、運輸密度等主要運輸經濟指標穩居世界第一。
截至2019年，中國鐵路營業里程達到13.1萬公里以上，高鐵總里程佔世界2/3，“八縱八橫”高鐵網建設全面展開。
最新數據顯示，2012年，全國鐵路營業里程達到9.8萬公里，比上年增長4.7%。其中，複線里程4.4萬公里，比上年增長10.8%，複線率44.8%，比上年提高2.5個百分點；電氣化里程5.1萬公里，比上年增長10.8%，電化率52.3%，比上年提高2.9個百分點。西部地區營業里程達到3.7萬公里，比上年增加1060公里、增長2.9%。
| Rank | Country | Railway length (km) | Date of information | Notes | Electrified length (km) | Historic peak length (km) | Area (km) per km track | Population per km track | Nationalized or Private |
| World | 1,370,782 | (2006) | |||||||
| 1 | United States | 224,792 | (2011) | <1,600 | 409,177 | 43.40 | 1379 | Private | |
| 3 | Russia | 128,000 | (2012) | The Russian State Statistics Service reports 85,000km for common usage lines in 2006, whileCIA World Factbookreports 87,157km for the same year. | 50,000 | 133.58 | 1117 | Nationalized | |
| 2 | China(PRC) | 103,144 | (2013) | 55,811 | 93.47 | 13227 | Nationalized | ||
| 4 | India | 65,436 | (2013) | 20,884 | 45.74 | 19,133 | Nationalized | ||
| 5 | Canada | 46,552 | (2011) | 129 | 174.51 | 468 | Private | ||
| 6 | Germany | 41,981 | (2011) | 20,497 | 58,297 | 9.47 | 2210 | Nationalized | |
| 7 | Australia | 38,445 | (2011) | 2,715 | 199.94 | 572 | Nationalized | ||
| 8 | Argentina | 36,966 | (2011) | 136 | 47,000 | 77.45 | 1117 | Nationalized | |
| 9 | France | 29,640 | (2011) | 15,140 | 21.53 | 2201 | Nationalized | ||
| 10 | Brazil | 29,303 | (2012) | 1,520 | 285.57 | 6397 | Nationalized | ||
| 11 | Mexico | 26,704 | (2009) | 73.56 | 4207 | Private | |||
| 12 | Italy | 24,179 | (2007) | 16,683 | 12.46 | 2507 | Nationalized | ||
| 13 | Japan | 23,474 | (2007) | 16,702 | 16.10 | 5451 | Both | ||
| 14 | Ukraine | 22,300 | (2010) | 9,752 | 27.07 | 2048 | Nationalized | ||
| 15 | Romania | 22,298 | (2008) | 3,971 | 10.69 | 854 | Nationalized | ||
| 16 | South Africa | 20,247 | (2013) | 24,800 | 49.79 | 2066 | Nationalized | ||
| 17 | Poland | 19,627 | (2008) | 17,358 | about 24000 before 1989 | 15.93 | 1946 | Nationalized | |
| 18 | United Kingdom | 17,732 | (2008) | 5,328 | 34,000 | 15.00 | 3825 | Private | |
| 19 | Spain | 15,947 | (2012) | 9,623 | 33.55 | 3062 | Nationalized | ||
| 20 | Kazakhstan | 15,372 | (2010) | 4,000 | 180.71 | 1171 | Nationalized | ||
| 23 | Iran | 12,998 | (2014) | 146 (additional 2,200km in construction since February, 2012) | 148.41 | 6816 | |||
| 21 | Sweden | 12,821 | (2010) | 7,918 | 35.12 | 732 | |||
| 22 | Turkey | 12,000 | (2011) | 3,159 | 71.29 | 6708 | |||
| 24 | Czech Republic | 9,487 | (2008) | 2,592 | 8.31 | 1111 | |||
| 25 | Indonesia | 8,529 | (2008) | 550 | 223.31 | 27853 | Nationalized | ||
| 26 | Hungary | 7,942 | (2008) | 11.71 | 1257 | Nationalized | |||
| 27 | Pakistan | 7,791 | (2008) | 102.18 | 22759 | ||||
| 28 | Egypt | 6,700 | (2010) | 149.47 | 12075 | ||||
| 31 | Austria | 5,927 | (2008) | 3,863 | 14.57 | 1460 | |||
| 29 | Finland | 5,919 | (2008) | 3,067 | 57.13 | 911 | |||
| 30 | Chile | 5,898 | (2006) | 128.2 | 2931 | ||||
| 32 | Belarus | 5,491 | (2008) | 874 | 37.81 | 1731 | |||
| 33 | Sudan | 5,478 | (2006) | 339.81 | 5640 | ||||
| 34 | South Korea | 5,242 | (2009) | 2,522 | 19.08 | 9348 | Nationalized | ||
| 35 | North Korea | 5,235 | (2006) | ~3,500 | 23.03 | 4595 | |||
| 36 | Switzerland | 5,232 | (2012) | 5,232 | ca. 5,232 | 7.89 | 1532 | Mainly privately operated but thoroughly subsidied (~50%) by taxes and by federal, cantonal, and municipal subsidies. | |
| 37 | Cuba | 5,076 | (2007) | 21.84 | 2215 | ||||
| 38 | Turkmenistan | 4,980 | (2014) | 153.44 | 1585 | ||||
| 39 | Algeria | 4,316 | (2012) | 283 | 551.83 | 8595 | |||
| 40 | Uzbekistan | 4,280 | (2011) | 105.77 | 6488 | ||||
| 41 | Bulgaria | 4,159 | (2008) | 2,831 | 26.66 | 1771 | |||
| 42 | New Zealand | 4,128 | (2006) | 64.64 | 1070 | ||||
| 43 | Norway | 4,114 | (2008) | 2622 | 78.71 | 1209 | Nationalized | ||
| 44 | Thailand | 4,071 | (2012) | 29 | 126.04 | 16084 | |||
| 45 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 4,007 | (2008) | 585.19 | 16463 | ||||
| 46 | Myanmar(Burma) | 3,955 | (2006) | 171.07 | 12127 | ||||
| 47 | Serbia | 3,809 | (2008) | 20.34 | 1918 | Nationalized | |||
| 48 | Slovakia | 3,658 | (2010) | 1577 | 13.4 | 1486 | |||
| 49 | Nigeria | 3,528 | (2006) | 261.84 | 44904 | ||||
| 50 | Belgium | 3,513 | (2008) | 2,950 | 8.69 | 3108 | Nationalized | ||
| 51 | Vietnam | 3,147 | (2007) | 105.25 | 27765 | ||||
| 52 | Mozambique | 3,116 | (2008) | 256.54 | 6604 | ||||
| 53 | Zimbabwe | 3,000 | (2010) | 313 | 130.25 | 4190 | Nationalized | ||
| 54 | Uruguay | 2,993 | (2006) | 58.88 | 1121 | ||||
| 55 | Croatia | 2,974 | (2009) | 1228 | 19.03 | 1443 | |||
| 56 | Azerbaijan | 2,918 | (2009) | 1,278 | 29.68 | 3207 | |||
| 57 | Netherlands | 2,896 | (2008) | 14.34 | 5767 | Nationalized | |||
| 58 | Bolivia | 2,866 | (2007) | 383.32 | 3638 | ||||
| 59 | Bangladesh | 2,835 | (2008) | 50.79 | 53392 | ||||
| 60 | Portugal | 2,794 | (2013) | 1,629 | 33.0 | 3594 | Nationalized | ||
| 62 | Kenya | 2,778 | (2010) | 208.92 | 13899 | ||||
| 63 | Angola | 2,761 | (2006) | 2,764 | 451.54 | 6911 | |||
| 64 | Tanzania | 2,722 | (2006) | 348.02 | 15866 | ||||
| 65 | Denmark | 2,667 | (2008) | 640 | 16.16 | 2086 | |||
| 66 | Greece | 2,552 | (2012) | 51.73 | 4229 | ||||
| 67 | Namibia | 2,382 | (2006) | 346.05 | 877 | ||||
| 68 | Latvia | 2,269 | (2007) | 28.47 | 978 | ||||
| 69 | Tunisia | 2,218 | (2007) | 73.76 | 4756 | ||||
| 70 | Syria | 2,139 | (2008) | 86.57 | 11078 | ||||
| 71 | Iraq | 2,032 | (2006) | 215.71 | 15587 | ||||
| 72 | Peru | 2,020 | (2008) | 636.25 | 14585 | ||||
| 73 | Morocco | 1,989 | (2008) | 224.51 | 16227 | ||||
| 74 | Republic of Ireland | 1,919 | (2007) | 36.62 | 2387 | Nationalized | |||
| 75 | Malaysia | 1,849 | (2010) | 207 | 178.40 | 15324 | |||
| 76 | Mongolia | 1,810 | (2008) | 864.15 | 1560 | ||||
| 77 | Lithuania | 1,766 | (2007) | 36.98 | 1824 | ||||
| 78 | Taiwan | 1,703 | (2012) | 1,300 | 5,000 | 21.25 | 13638 | ||
| 79 | Colombia | 1,663 | (2007) | 648.85 | 27770 | ||||
| 80 | Georgia | 1,513 | (2007) | 46.07 | 2932 | ||||
| 81 | Sri Lanka | 1,508 | (2010) | 43.51 | 13696 | ||||
| 82 | Saudi Arabia | 1,412 | (2007) | 1522.44 | 19219 | ||||
| 133 | Uganda | 1,244 | (2002) | 930.65 | 122780 | ||||
| 83 | Zambia | 1,237 | (2006) | 608.42 | 10547 | ||||
| 85 | Slovenia | 1,228 | (2007) | 16.51 | 1672 | ||||
| 84 | Israel | 1,200 | (2013) | 17.31 | 6709 | Nationalized | |||
| 86 | Moldova | 1,156 | (2008) | 29.28 | 3083 | ||||
| 87 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,103 | (2007) | 392 | 46.42 | 3484 | |||
| 88 | Cameroon | 974 | (2007) | 488.13 | 19924 | ||||
| 89 | Ecuador | 966 | (2006) | 293.54 | 14810 | ||||
| 90 | Ghana | 953 | (2006) | 250.30 | 25429 | ||||
| 91 | Senegal | 906 | (2004) | 217.13 | 13724 | ||||
| 92 | Botswana | 888 | (2007) | 655.10 | 2027 | ||||
| 93 | Guatemala | 885 | (2004) | 123.04 | 16228 | ||||
| 95 | Armenia | 869 | (2012) | 818 | 35.20 | 3863 | |||
| 94 | Madagascar | 854 | (2007) | 687.40 | 24255 | ||||
| 96 | Guinea | 837 | (2006) | 293.74 | 11926 | ||||
| 97 | Estonia | 816 | (2008) | 55.43 | 1642 | ||||
| 98 | Gabon | 810 | (2007) | 330.45 | 1858 | ||||
| 99 | Malawi | 797 | (2007) | 148.66 | 18696 | ||||
| 100 | Republic of the Congo | 795 | (2006) | 430.19 | 5086 | ||||
| 101 | Djibouti | 781 | (2005) | 29.71 | 1138 | ||||
| 102 | Benin | 758 | (2006) | 148.58 | 11581 | ||||
| 103 | Mali | 733 | (2002) | 1691.94 | 19805 | ||||
| 104 | Mauritania | 728 | (2008) | 1415.80 | 4753 | ||||
| 105 | Honduras | 699 | (2006) | 160.36 | 11753 | ||||
| 106 | Macedonia | 699 | (2007) | 36.79 | 2943 | ||||
| 107 | Ethiopia | 699 | (2006) | 1579.83 | 117456 | ||||
| 108 | Cambodia | 650 | (2003) | 278.52 | 20609 | ||||
| 109 | Côte d'Ivoire | 639 | (2007) | 504.64 | 30889 | ||||
| 110 | Burkina Faso | 622 | (2006) | 440.84 | 25291 | ||||
| 111 | Tajikistan | 616 | (2007) | 232.31 | 11167 | ||||
| 112 | Fiji | 597 | (2006) | 30.61 | 1442 | ||||
| 113 | Togo | 568 | (2006) | 99.97 | 10613 | ||||
| 114 | El Salvador | 562 | (2007) | 37.44 | 10221 | ||||
| 115 | Dominican Republic | 517 | (2006) | 94.14 | 18141 | ||||
| 134 | Jordan | 507 | (2007) | 355.94 | 24649 | ||||
| 116 | Liberia | 490 | (2006) | 227.28 | 8151 | ||||
| 117 | Philippines | 479 | (2008) | as of March 2013 only 80km used (43km for Tututban -Sta.Rosa and 37km for Sipocot-Naga City) | 626.30 | 196270 | |||
| 118 | Albania | 423 | (2007) | 67.96 | 7553 | ||||
| 119 | Kyrgyzstan | 417 | (2007) | 479.50 | 12860 | ||||
| 120 | Lebanon | 401 | (2006) | 25.94 | 10544 | ||||
| 121 | Panama | 355 | (2006) | 212.45 | 9594 | ||||
| 122 | Venezuela | 336 | (2006) | 2714.43 | 87458 | ||||
| 123 | Eritrea | 306 | (2006) | 384.31 | 17170 | ||||
| 124 | Swaziland | 301 | (2008) | 57.69 | 3940 | ||||
| 130 | Costa Rica | 278 | (2007) | 183.81 | 16416 | ||||
| 131 | Luxembourg | 274 | (2007) | 9.40 | 1826 | Nationalized | |||
| 135 | Montenegro | 250 | (2008) | 55.47 | |||||
| 138 | Suriname | 166 | (2001) | 986.87 | 3163 | ||||
| 136 | Singapore | 160.6 | (2012) | 3.94 | 28682 | ||||
| 137 | Guyana | 127.2 | (2001 est.) | 1149.57 | 4197 | ||||
| 140 | Sierra Leone | 84 | (2001) | 854.05 | 69857 | ||||
| 141 | Afghanistan | 75 | (2011) | 8696.40 | 418827 | ||||
| 132 | Jamaica | 65 | (2003) | 40.41 | 9948 | ||||
| 142 | Nepal | 59 | (2006) | 2494.59 | 484491 | ||||
| 143 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 58 | (2006) | 5.22 | 1040 | ||||
| 144 | Paraguay | 38 | (2006) | 11298.67 | 173056 | ||||
| 139 | Puerto Rico(US) | 17.2 | (2006) | 143.65 | 38810 | ||||
| 145 | Brunei | 13 | (2001 est.) | 443.46 | 30692 | ||||
| 146 | Liechtenstein | 9.5 | (2006) | 17.78 | 4017 | ||||
| 148 | Western Sahara | 5 | (2008) | seeMauritania Railway | 53200.00 | 106200 | |||
| 147 | Nauru | 3.9 | (2001) | 4.20 | 2000 | ||||
| 149 | Laos | 3.5 | (2005) | seeFriendship Bridge | 59200.00 | 1557550 | |||
| 151 | Monaco | 1.7 | (2012) | 1.7 | 1.18 | 20588 | |||
| 150 | Lesotho | 1.6 | (1995) | 10118.33 | 723667 | ||||
| 152 | Vatican City | 1.27 | (2001 est.) | 0.52 | 969 |
基本信息
- 中文名
- 鐵路營業里程
- 外文名
- Operational mileage of railways
- 別名
- 營業長度
- 拼音
- tiě lù yíng yè lǐ chéng
- 定義
- 客貨運輸業務的鐵路正線總長度
- 分類
- 正式營業和臨時營業里程
- 反映
- 鐵路運輸業基礎設施發展水平