靜態動詞
靜態動詞
主動詞按其基本辭彙意義可以分為動態動詞(Dynamic Verb)和靜態動詞(Stative Verb)。靜態動詞表示一種靜止狀態,包括“存在”和“擁有”的動詞,如be,have, own, belong, exist, hold(容納)等;表示度量的動詞,如cost, weigh, measure等;表示五官感覺的動詞,如see, hear, taste, smell, feel等;以及 表示心理狀態的動詞,如 believe, think, know, remember, forget, understand, love, like ,hate, detest(討厭)等。
The house belongs to his father. 這幢房子屬於他的父親。
This hall can hold three hundred people. 這大廳能容納300人。
This typewriter costs 200 dollars. 這台打字機值200美元。
This bundle of firewood weights 150 kilos.這捆柴重150公斤。
I can see a plane in the sky. 我看見天上有架飛機。
These oranges taste nice. 這些桔子味道好。
I understand him to be honest. 我知道他是誠實的。
She hated being flattered. 她討厭別人奉承她。
當一個動詞描述一個狀態、一個動作,我們不用進行時態。例如,“play'is行動,所以我們可以說'打'而'是一個固定的狀態不會改變:“是,或不是”。
在語法上是不正確的說‘I’m loving it’ even though McDonalds have made this expression famous.。“愛”是一個靜態動詞,所以我們應該說‘I love it.’
情感: love, hate, want, need
佔有: have, own, want, belong
感官: see, hear, smell, seem
認為: know, believe, remember
Here are some more examples of state verbs:
State Verbs | |||
doubt | dislike | understand | suspect |
loathe | own | belong | know |
like | need | want | seem |
mean | believe | forget | remember |
prefer | hate | love | see |
有些詞可以是狀態動詞也可以是行為動詞。這些動詞的意思是不同的。看看這些:
'I have a car.’ –state verb showing possession
'I am having a bath.’ –action verb which, in this case, means ‘taking’.
‘I think you are cool.’ –state verb meaning ‘in my opinion’.
‘I am thinking about buying a motorbike.’ –action verb meaning ‘considering’
一般來說,靜態動詞是不能用於現在進行時的,因為他們不是一個持續的動作,但是當現在進行時與頻度副詞 always,constantly,continually,forever等連用時,此時靜態動詞也是可以有進行時態的,因為此時表示的是帶有一定感情色彩的,如令人不滿、厭煩或關心、讚歎的事。
e.g.You're always seeing something strange.
I'm continually forgetting people's name.
How are you feeling today?