共找到6條詞條名為蝴蝶魚的結果 展開

蝴蝶魚

鱸形目蝴蝶魚科動物

蝴蝶魚屬(學名:Chaetodontidae)鱸形目的1科,通稱蝴蝶魚。約有12屬120多種。身體身側扁而高,菱形或近於卵圓形。口小,前位,略能向前伸出。兩頜齒細長,尖銳,剛毛狀或刷毛狀;齶骨無齒。鰓蓋膜多少與鰓峽相連。有椎骨10-14枚。后顳骨固連於顱骨。側線完全蔓延至尾鰭基。體被中等大或小型弱櫛鱗,奇鰭密被小鰭,無鱗鞘。臀鰭有三鰭棘;尾鰭后緣截形或圓凸。蝴蝶魚一般個體較小,數量較少;體色大部分鮮艷美麗。中國產蝴蝶魚有9屬約57種。主要分佈於南海,只有少部分進入東海南部。

形態特徵


徠體呈菱形或近於橢圓形,且十分側扁。口小,端位,略可伸縮;頜齒細長,在上下頜形成刷毛狀狹長的齒帶。前鰓蓋骨平滑,但幼魚可能具有鋸齒或被有突棘。體被中或小型之弱櫛鱗或圓鱗。側線完整,呈弧形,但不明顯。幼魚之頭部,因長有骨質板,而被稱之Tholichthys。背鰭連續,硬棘部和軟條部間有淺缺刻;腹鰭胸位,具腋鱗;尾鰭一般呈截形或圓形。

生活習性


蝴蝶魚大部分都生活在20公尺以內的淺水水域,是很典型的日行性魚類,白天出來找東西吃、交配,晚上才躲在礁洞裡面休息。覓食時,或群游,或成對,或獨游。食性變異大,有的從礁岩表面啄食躲藏在縫隙里的小型無脊椎動物及藻類,有的在水層中撿食浮遊動物,有的只吃活珊瑚水螅蟲等。行動迅速,稍受驚動即躲入珊瑚礁或岩石縫中。它們生活史中需要經過一段長時間的漂流期,而使得人工繁殖不易成功。

主要品種


烏頂蝴蝶魚Chaetodon adiergastosPhilippine butterflyfish
黃蝴蝶魚Chaetodon andamanensis
銀身蝴蝶魚Chaetodon argentatusAsian butterflyfish
點列蝴蝶魚Chaetodon assariusWest Australian butterflyfish
金帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon aureofasciatusGolden butterflyfish
揚幡蝴蝶魚Chaetodon aurigaThreadfin butterflyfish
耳帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon auripesOriental butterflyfish
紅海蝴蝶魚Chaetodon austriacusBlacktail butterflyfish
曲紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon baronessaEastern triangular butterflyfish
本氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon bennettiBluelashed butterflyfish
勃氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon blackburniiBrownburnie
柏氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon burgessiBurgess' butterflyfish
四斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon capistratusFoureye butterflyfish
胡麻斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon citrinellusSpeckled butterflyfish
領蝴蝶魚Chaetodon collareRedtail butterflyfish
綉蝴蝶魚Chaetodon daedalmaWrought iron butterflyfish
斜蝴蝶魚Chaetodon declivisMarquesas butterflyfish
橫紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon decussatusIndian vagabond butterflyfish
阿曼蝴蝶魚Chaetodon dialeucosOman butterflyfish
黑緣蝴蝶魚Chaetodon dolosusAfrican butterflyfish
鞍斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon ephippiumSaddle butterflyfish
紋帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon falculaBlackwedged butterflyfish
條紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon fasciatusDiagonal butterflyfish
黃吻蝴蝶魚Chaetodon flavirostrisBlack butterflyfish
黃冠蝴蝶魚Chaetodon flavocoronatusYellow-crowned butterflyfish
藍紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon frembliiBluestriped butterflyfish
加氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon gardineriGardner's butterflyfish
貢氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon guentheriCrochet butterflyfish
綠側蝴蝶魚Chaetodon guttatissimusPeppered butterflyfish
霍氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon hoefleriFour-banded butterflyfish
肩帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon humeralisThreebanded butterflyfish
點斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon interruptusYellow teardrop butterflyfish
克氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon kleiniiSunburst butterflyfish
怪蝴蝶魚Chaetodon larvatusHooded butterflyfish
白肋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon leucopleuraSomali butterflyfish
紋身蝴蝶魚Chaetodon lineolatusLined butterflyfish
白梢蝴蝶魚Chaetodon litusEaster Island butterflyfish]
月斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon lunulaRaccoon butterflyfish
弓月蝴蝶魚Chaetodon lunulatusOval butterflyfish
馬達加斯加蝴蝶魚Chaetodon madagascariensisSeychelles butterflyfish
馬利蝴蝶魚Chaetodon marleyiDoublesash butterflyfish
黑背蝴蝶魚Chaetodon melannotusBlackback butterflyfish
黑鰭蝴蝶魚Chaetodon melapterusArabian butterflyfish
默氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon mertensiiAtoll butterflyfish
中白蝴蝶魚Chaetodon mesoleucosWhite-face butterflyfish
麥氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon meyeriScrawled butterflyfish
粟點蝴蝶魚Chaetodon miliarisMillet butterflyfish
僧帽蝴蝶魚Chaetodon mitratusIndian butterflyfish
多帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon multicinctusPebbled butterflyfish
黑斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon nigropunctatusBlack-spotted butterflyfish
日本蝴蝶魚Chaetodon nipponJapanese butterflyfish
鰭斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon ocellatusSpotfin butterflyfish
尾點蝴蝶魚Chaetodon ocellicaudusSpot-tail butterflyfish
八帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon octofasciatusEightband butterflyfish
華麗蝴蝶魚Chaetodon ornatissimusOrnate butterflyfish
尖頭蝴蝶魚Chaetodon oxycephalusSpot-nape butterflyfish
稀帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon paucifasciatusEritrean butterflyfish
夕陽蝴蝶魚Chaetodon pelewensisSunset butterflyfish
馬掌蝴蝶魚Chaetodon pictusHorseshoe butterflyfish
藍斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon plebeiusBlueblotch butterflyfish
點斑橫帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon punctatofasciatusSpotband butterflyfish
四點蝴蝶魚Chaetodon quadrimaculatusFourspot butterflyfish
雷氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon rafflesiiLatticed butterflyfish
林氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon rainfordiRainford's butterflyfish
網紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon reticulatusMailed butterflyfish
強壯蝴蝶魚Chaetodon robustusThree-banded butterflyfish
聖赫拿蝴蝶魚Chaetodon sanctaehelenaeSaint Helena butterflyfish
礁蝴蝶魚Chaetodon sedentariusReef butterflyfish
彎月蝴蝶魚Chaetodon seleneYellow-dotted butterflyfish
點綴蝴蝶魚Chaetodon semeionDotted butterflyfish
黃色蝴蝶魚Chaetodon semilarvatusBluecheek butterflyfish
史氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon smithiSmith's butterflyfish
鏡斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon speculumMirror butterflyfish
條帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon striatusBanded butterflyfish
丁氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon tinkeriHawaiian butterflyfish
三角蝴蝶魚Chaetodon triangulumTriangle butterflyfish
三色蝴蝶魚Chaetodon trichrousTahiti butterflyfish
波帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon tricinctusThree-striped butterflyfish
三紋蝴蝶魚Chaetodon trifascialisChevron butterflyfish
三帶蝴蝶魚Chaetodon trifasciatusMelon butterflyfish
烏利蝴蝶魚Chaetodon ulietensisPacific double-saddle butterflyfish
單斑蝴蝶魚Chaetodon unimaculatusTeardrop butterflyfish
飄浮蝴蝶魚Chaetodon vagabundusVagabond butterflyfish
魏氏蝴蝶魚Chaetodon wiebeliHongkong butterflyfish
黃頭蝴蝶魚Chaetodon xanthocephalusYellowhead butterflyfish
紅尾蝴蝶魚Chaetodon xanthurusPearlscale butterflyfish
桑吉巴蝴蝶魚Chaetodon zanzibarensisZanzibar butterflyfish