個人劑量當量

個人劑量當量

個人劑量當量(personal dose equivalent)是指人體某一指定點下面適當深度d處的軟組織內的劑量當量Hp(d)。該量既適用於強貫穿輻射,也適用於弱貫穿輻射。對強貫穿輻射,推薦深度d=10 mm;對弱貫穿輻射,推薦深度d=0.07 mm。

簡介


1、自由空氣比釋動能Ka到ICRU平板的個人劑量當量Hp(10)的轉換係數以及角度依賴係數見表1:
光子能量Hp(10, 0°)/Ka對應不同角度 α的比值 Hp(10, α)/ Hp(10,0°)
MeVSv /Gy15°30°45°60°75°
0.0100.0091.000.8890.5560.2220.0000.000
0.0130.0981.000.9290.7040.3880.1020.000
0.0150.2641.000.9660.8220.5760.2610.030
0.0180.4451.000.9710.8790.7010.4160.092
0.0200.6111.000.9820.9130.7630.5200.167
0.0250.8831.000.9800.9370.8320.6500.319
0.0301.1121.000.9840.9500.8680.7160.411
0.0401.4901.000.9860.9590.8940.7600.494
0.0501.7661.000.9880.9630.8910.7790.526
0.0601.8921.000.9880.9690.9110.7930.561
0.0801.9031.000.9970.9700.9190.8090.594
0.1001.8111.000.9920.9720.9270.8340.612
0.1251.6961.000.9980.9800.9380.8570.647
0.1501.6071.000.9970.9840.9470.8710.677
0.2001.4921.000.9970.9910.9590.9000.724
0.3001.3691.001.0000.9960.9840.9310.771
0.4001.3001.001.0041.0010.9930.9550.814
0.5001.2561.001.0051.0021.0010.9680.846
0.6001.2261.001.0051.0041.0030.9750.868
0.8001.1901.001.0011.0031.0070.9870.892
11.1671.001.0000.9961.0090.9900.910
1.51.1391.001.0021.0031.0060.9970.934
31.1171.001.0051.0100.9980.9980.958
61.1091.001.0031.0030.9920.9970.995
101.1111.000.9980.9950.9890.9920.966

鑒定方法


個人劑量當量Hp(10)的檢定方法:
被檢儀器(包括體模)按其校準方向置於輻射場中,且其有效測量點(即模體表面下10mm處)位於測試點。
4、輻射防護儀器——X和γ輻射周圍劑量當量和/或定向劑量當量( 率)儀和/或監測儀故不適於作評價個人受輻射劑量損傷(即:個人劑量當量Hp(10))。