輪葉系
玄參科馬先蒿屬
極低矮至中等高低，僅少數種類干時變黑，一年生或多年生；根粗壯，長而肉質，或細而分枝或成叢；葉3-4枚輪生，橢圓形至披針形，無柄或有明顯之柄，羽狀全裂或少有淺裂者，基葉在粗根的種類中多存在，在有一年生傾向的種類中有時早枯；花穗狀，紅色或白色，僅在一種中有黃色變型；萼齒5枚，在筒部前方開裂的種類中多偏聚於後方，在不裂的種類中均勻生長，有齒或幾全緣；花管在萼內強烈向前膝屈，再在近喉處折向斜上方，盔無齒。紅34種，1種廣佈於歐亞寒溫帶，北美僅阿拉斯加有之。大部種類集中我國，南至喜馬拉雅，北至蘇聯西伯利亞。
輪葉系
Ser. Verticillatae Maxim.
系54 輪葉系——Ser. Verticillatae Maxim.
in Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. XXXII (1888) 590, et in MeI. Biol. XII (1888) 876.
• 高額馬先蒿Pedicularis altifrontalis Tsoong
• 春黃菊葉馬先蒿Pedicularis anthemifolia Fisch. ex Colla 春黃菊葉馬先蒿春黃菊葉亞種Pedicularis anthemifolia Fisch. ex Colla subsp. anthemifolia 春黃菊葉馬先蒿高升亞種Pedicularis anthemifolia Fisch. ex Colla subsp. elatior (Regel) Tsoong
• 短盔馬先蒿Pedicularis brachycrania Li
• 秦氏馬先蒿Pedicularis chingii Bonati
• 連齒馬先蒿Pedicularis confluens Tsoong
• 胡蘿蔔葉馬先蒿Pedicularis daucifolia Bonati
• 鋪散馬先蒿Pedicularis diffusa Prain 鋪散馬先蒿鋪散亞種Pedicularis diffusa Prain subsp. diffusa 鋪散馬先蒿高升亞種Pedicularis diffusa Prain subsp. elatior Tsoong
• 長穗馬先蒿Pedicularis dolichostachya Li
• 軟弱馬先蒿Pedicularis flaccida Prain
• 平壩馬先蒿Pedicularis ganpinensis Vant.
• 退毛馬先蒿Pedicularis glabrescens Li
• 全萼馬先蒿Pedicularis holocalyx Hand.-Mazz.
• 甘肅馬先蒿Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. 甘肅馬先蒿甘肅亞種甘肅變型Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. subsp. kansuensis form. Kansuensis 甘肅馬先蒿白花變型Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. subsp. kansuensis form. albiflora Li 甘肅馬先蒿青海亞種Pedicularis kansuensis subsp. kokonorica Tsoong 甘肅馬先蒿厚毛亞種Pedicularis kansuensis subsp. villosa Tsoong 甘肅馬先蒿雅江亞種Pedicularis kansuensis subsp. yargongensis (Bonati) Tsoong
• 麗江馬先蒿Pedicularis likiangensis Franch. ex Maxim. 麗江馬先蒿麗江亞種Pedicularis likiangensis Franch. ex Maxim. subsp. likiangensis 麗江馬先蒿美麗亞種Pedicularis likiangensis Franch. ex Maxim. subsp. pulchra Tsoong
• 條紋馬先蒿Pedicularis lineata Franch. ex Maxim.
• 細小馬先蒿Pedicularis minima Tsoong & S. H. Cheng
• 微唇馬先蒿Pedicularis minutilabris Tsoong
• 儒侏馬先蒿Pedicularis pygmaea Maxim.
• 羅氏馬先蒿Pedicularis roylei Maxim. 羅氏馬先蒿大花亞種Pedicularis roylei Maxim. subsp. megalantha Tsoong 羅氏馬先蒿羅氏亞種短盔變種Pedicularis roylei Maxim. subsp. roylei var. brevigaleata Tsoong 羅氏馬先蒿羅氏亞種羅氏變種Pedicularis roylei Maxim. subsp. roylei var. roylei 羅氏馬先蒿肅氏亞種Pedicularis roylei Maxim. subsp. shawii (Tsoong) Tsoong
• 岩居馬先蒿Pedicularis rupicola Franch. ex Maxim. 岩居馬先蒿岩居亞種黃花變型（新變型）Pedicularis rupicola Franch. ex Maxim. subsp. rupicola form. flavescens Tsoong 岩居馬先蒿岩居亞種岩居變型Pedicularis rupicola Franch. ex Maxim. subsp. rupicola form. rupicola 岩居馬先蒿川西亞種Pedicularis rupicola Franch. ex Maxim. subsp. zambalensis (Bonati) Tsoong
• 穗花馬先蒿Pedicularis spicata Pall. 穗花馬先蒿顯苞亞種Pedicularis spicata Pall. subsp. bracteata Tsoong 穗花馬先蒿穗花亞種Pedicularis spicata Pall. subsp. spicata 穗花馬先蒿狹果亞種Pedicularis spicata Pall. subsp. stenocarpa Tsoong
• 四川馬先蒿Pedicularis szetschuanica Maxim. 四川馬先蒿網脈亞種Pedicularis szetschuanica Maxim. subsp. anastomosans Tsoong 四川馬先蒿寬葉亞種Pedicularis szetschuanica Maxim. subsp. latifolia Tsoong 四川馬先蒿四川亞種四川變種Pedicularis szetschuanica Maxim. subsp. szetschuanica var. szetschuanica
• 細莖馬先蒿Pedicularis tenera Li
• 台灣馬先蒿Pedicularis transmorrisonensis Hayata
• 三角齒馬先蒿Pedicularis triangularidens Tsoong 三角齒馬先蒿貓眼草亞種Pedicularis triangularidens Tsoong subsp. chrysosplenioides Tsoong 三角齒馬先蒿三角齒亞種狹裂變種Pedicularis triangularidens Tsoong subsp. triangularidens var. angustiloba Tsoong 三角齒馬先蒿三角齒亞種三角齒變種Pedicularis triangularidens Tsoong subsp. triangularidens var. triangularidens
• 輪葉馬先蒿Pedicularis verticillata L. 輪葉馬先蒿寬裂亞種Pedicularis verticillata L. subsp. latisecta (Hultén) Tsoong 輪葉馬先蒿唐古特亞種Pedicularis verticillata L. subsp. tangutica (Bonati) Tsoong 輪葉馬先蒿輪葉亞種Pedicularis verticillata L. subsp. verticillata
• 堇色馬先蒿Pedicularis violascens Schrenk