舟蛾科

舟蛾科昆蟲與鱗翅目夜蛾科很相似。具聽器，前翅M2從中室端部中央伸出，肘脈似3叉式，后緣亞基部經常有鱗簇；后翅Sc+R1與Rs靠近但不接觸，或由一短橫脈相連；喙通常發達，無單眼；鼓膜向下伸，反鼓膜巾位於第1腹節氣門后。幼蟲圓筒形，或有各種瘤突，臀足經常退化或特化成細突起或刺狀構造。驚動時，抬起身體前、後端凝固不動，以身體中央的4對腹足支撐身體，故稱為“舟形毛蟲”。幼蟲取食多種喬木和灌木，通常有群集性。在繭內或土中化蛹。

舟蛾成蟲體中型，多為褐色或暗灰色，少數潔白或具鮮艷顏色。夜間活動，具趨光性。外表與夜蛾相似，但口器不發達，喙柔弱或退化；無下顎須；下唇須中等大，少數較大或微弱；複眼大，多數無單眼；雄蛾觸角常為雙櫛形；部分櫛齒形或鋸齒形具毛簇，少數為絨形或毛叢形；雄蛾觸角常與雄蛾異形，一般為線形，但也有同形者；胸部被毛和鱗濃厚，有些屬背面中央有豎立縱行脊形或稱冠形毛簇；鼓膜位於胸腹面一小凹窩內，膜向下；後足脛節有1～2對距；翅形大都與夜蛾相似，少數象天蛾或鉤翅蛾，在許多屬里，前翅后緣中央有一個齒形毛簇或呈月牙形缺刻，缺刻兩側具齒形或梳形毛簇，靜止時兩翅后折成屋脊形，毛簇豎起如角。腹部粗壯，常伸過後翅臀角，有些種類基部背面或末端具毛簇。

幼蟲大多體色鮮艷並具斑紋，體形較特異，體背面平滑，胸足一般正常，少數種類中後足特別長，臀足退化或特化成兩個較長而可翻縮的尾角。靜止時常靠腹足固著，頭尾翹起；受驚時不斷擺動，形如龍舟蕩漾，早有舟形蟲之稱，也是本科漢名的由來。

舟蛾幼蟲大多取食闊葉樹樹葉，常發生在森林、防護林、行道樹和苗圃，如楊扇舟蛾、楊二尾舟蛾、榆掌舟蛾、槐羽舟蛾、櫟蠶舟蛾、龍眼蟻舟蛾和黃檀丑舟蛾等。部分種類為害果樹和竹林，如蘋掌舟蛾、竹鏤舟蛾和竹篦舟蛾等。少數種類為害禾本科農作物，如高粱舟蛾和豹舟蛾等。

Acmeshachia gigantea (Elwes, 1890) 高椋垠舟蛾

Allodontoides tenebrosus (Moore, 1865) 烏雲舟蛾

Benbowia takamukuana (Matsumura, 1934) 綠蟻舟蛾

Besaia nebulosa (Wileman, 1914) 泥蓖舟蛾

Besaia sordida (Wileman, 1914) 瑟蓖舟蛾

Betashachia angustipennis Matsumura, 1925 脈點舟蛾

Bireta albifusa (Wileman, 1910) 黃斜舟蛾

Ceira virgata (Wileman, 1914) 角奚舟蛾

Cerura kandyia tattakana Matsumura, 1927 大新二尾舟蛾

Cerura menciana formosana (Matsumura, 1929) 楊二尾舟蛾

Cerura subrosea Matsumura, 1927 埔里二尾舟蛾

Chadisra bipars Walker, 1862 褐恰舟蛾

Chadisra bipartita (Matsumura, 1925) 壁恰舟蛾

Cleapa latifascia Walker, 1855 黑帶舟蛾

Clostera anachoreta ([Denis et Schiffermuller], 1775) 閃扇舟蛾

Clostera restituta (Walker, 1865) V紋舟蛾

Cnethodonta grisescens baibarana Matsumura, 1929 灰舟蛾

Curruza frugalis (Leech, 1898) 黃枯舟蛾

Damata formosicola Matsumura, 1929 台鹿舟蛾

Disparia medioalbida (Nakamura, 1973) 靡回舟蛾

Disparia nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910) 睨回舟蛾

Disparia variegata (Wileman, 1910) 回舟蛾

Dudusa nobilis Walker, 1865 著蕊尾周蛾

Dudusa sphingiformis Moore, 1872 黑蕊尾舟蛾

Dudusa synopla Swinhoe, 1907 黃蕊尾舟蛾

Eguria ornata (Oberthur, 1884) 銹玫舟蛾

Euhampsonia formosana (Matsumura, 1925) 黃星凹緣舟蛾

Eushachia aurata (Moore, 1879) 金舟蛾

Fentonia baibarana Matsumura, 1929 眉原紛舟蛾

Fentonia crenulata Matsumura, 1922 埔里紛舟蛾

Fentonia macroparabolica Nakamura, 1973 墨紛舟蛾

Fentonia parabolica (Matsumura, 1925) 漣紛舟蛾

Formofentonia orbifer rotundata Matsumura, 1925 圓紛舟蛾

Ginshachia gemmifera (Moore, 1877) 銀紋舟蛾

Harpyia microsticta (Hampson, [1983]) 中角斑舟蛾

Hexafrenum leucodera (Staudinger, 1887) 明白頸異齒舟蛾

Hexafrenum maculifer Matsumura, 1925 斑白頸異齒舟蛾

Higena plumigera Matsumura, 1925 希舟蛾

Himenopteryx yui Okano, 1887 麗斑舟蛾

Hiradonta angustipennis Nakatomi et Kishida, 1984 黯齒舟蛾

Hupodonta lignea Matsumura, 1920 木紋鋸舟蛾

Hupodonta pulcherrima (Moore, 1865) 木紋笏舟蛾

Hyperaeschrella kosemponica (Strand, 1916) 甲仙舟蛾

Liparopsis postalbida Hampson, [1893] 薄翅舟蛾

Lophocosma geniculatum Matsumura, 1929 膝冠舟蛾

Lophontosia fusca Okano, 1960 霧社冠齒舟蛾

Mesophalera sigmata (Butler, 1877) 間掌舟蛾

Metriaeschra apatela Kiriakoff, 1963 暗波舟蛾

Micromelalopha baibarana Matsumura, 1929 白線紋小舟蛾

Microphalera yoshimotoi Kishida, 1984 褐斑槭舟蛾

Mimopydna essa kishidai Schintlmeister, 1989 波點舟蛾

Neocerura liturata (Walker, 1855) 新二尾舟蛾

Neodrymonia acuminata (Matsumura, 1929) 灰摩舟蛾

Neodrymonia marginalis (Matsumura, 1925) 瑪摩舟蛾

Neodrymonia seriatopunctata (Matsumura, 1925) 狄舟蛾

Neopheosia fasciata (Moore, 1888) 雲舟蛾

Netria viridescens Walker, 1855 梭舟蛾

Norracoides basinotatus (Wileman, 1915) 朴娜舟蛾

Notodonta griseotincta Wileman, 1910 褐斑舟蛾

Pantherinus bipunctatus (Okano, 1960) 四星潘舟蛾

Peridea graeseri tayal Kishida, 1986 赭小內斑舟蛾

Peridea moorei Hampson, [1893] 星內斑舟蛾

Peridea oberthueri (Staudinger, 1892) 灰內斑舟蛾

Periergos magna (Matsumura, 1920) 皮舟蛾

Phalera angustipennis Matsumura, 1919 榆掌舟蛾

Phalera combusta (Walker, 1855) 劍紋舟蛾

Phalera flavescens (Bremer et Grey, 1852) 蘋掌舟蛾

Phalera formosicola Matsumura, 1934 台掌舟蛾

Phalera obscura Wileman, 1910 雙星暗舟蛾

Phalera takasagoensis Matsumura, 1919 高砂掌舟蛾

Phalerodonta manleyi (Leech, 1889) 曼蠶舟蛾

Pheosia taiwanognoma Nakamura, 1973 台劍舟蛾

Pheosiopsis cinerea formosana (Okano, 1959) 麗夙舟蛾

Pheosiopsis lusciniola (Nakamura, 1973) 眉簇舟蛾

Polystictina maculata (Moore, 1879) 波斑舟蛾

徠Pseudofentonia argentifera (Moore, 1866) 三波舟蛾

Pseudosomera noctuiformis Bender et Steiniger, 1984

Pulia albimaculata (Okano, 1958) 蕈紋埔舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera cyanea (Leech, 1889) 青胯白舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera nigribasalis (Wileman, 1910) 雲紋胯白舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera perdix (Moore, 1879) 台娃舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera pryeri (Leech, 1889) 黑內角舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera subgeneris ( Strand, 1916) 灰胯白舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera umbrosa Matsumura, 1927 齒紋胯白舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera viridimacula Matsumura, 1922 白斑胯白舟蛾

Quadricalcarifera viridipicta (Wileman, 1910) 苔胯白舟蛾

Rabtala cristata (Butler, 1877) 黃二星舟蛾

Rachia nodyna (Swinhoe, 1907) 枯峭舟蛾

Ramesa albistriga (Moore, 1879) 豹舟蛾

Ramesa tosta Walker, 1855 姬豹舟蛾

Semidonta basalis (Moore, 1865) 槭半齒舟蛾

Shaka mushana Matsumura, 1920 霧社沙舟蛾

Somera viridifusca taiwana Schintlmeister, 1981 瑟舟蛾

Spatalia dives Oberthur, 1884 麗金舟蛾

Stauropus alternus Walker, 1855 龍眼蟻舟蛾

Stauropus basalis usuguronis Matsumura, 1934 褐帶蟻舟蛾

Stauropus sikkimensis lushanus Okano, 1960 廬山蟻舟蛾

Stauropus teikichianus Matsumura, 1929 台蟻舟蛾

Struba inconspicua (Wileman, 1914) 黃舟蛾

Tarsolepis fulgurifera Walker, 1858 大銀斑舟蛾

Tarsolepis japonica Wileman & South, 1917 肖劍心銀斑舟蛾

Tarsolepis taiwana Wileman, 1910 台灣銀斑舟蛾

Tensha striatella Matsumura, 1925 天社舟蛾

Togaritensha curvilinea (Wileman, 1911) 黃斑舟蛾

Torigea formosana Nakamura, 1973 點線舟蛾

Urodonta arcuata Alpheraky, 1897 烏卵舟蛾

Uropyia meticulodina (Oberthur, 1884) 核桃美舟蛾

Vaneeckeia pallidifascia centrobrunnea (Matsumura, 1927) 褐丸舟蛾