鷗

體長達40厘米。頭和頸為深褐色，後部轉為黑褐色；眼周有白色羽圈；下背、肩、腰及兩翅和內側覆羽和次級飛羽均為珠灰色，飛羽先端近白。上背、外側大覆羽和初級覆羽均為白色。第1枚初級飛羽白色，內外翈邊緣及先端黑色，第2～5枚飛羽的黑色外緣逐漸減少，內翈轉為深灰色，內緣及羽端仍為黑色；第6枚飛羽深灰色，仍具黑色近端斑，羽斑白色；基余初級飛羽為純灰色。尾上覆羽，尾羽皆為白色。下體全為白色，胸、腹略淡灰色。虹膜暗褐色；嘴赤紅色，先端黑色；腳和趾赤紅色，冬時轉為橙黃色；爪為凹蹼足是黑色。

棲息於沿海及內陸湖泊、河流。成群活動。善游泳，不能潛水。以魚、蝦、水生昆蟲、軟體動物等為食。集群繁殖，巢營於乾草堆、蘆葦叢中或平坦而潮濕的土壤上。每窩產卵2～4枚，卵殼淡綠色或淺褐色，綴以斑點。

在東北中部繁殖。春、秋季節飛經河北、新疆等地。冬時遍布中國南方各地，沿海各省尤為常見。

悉尼的紅嘴鷗紅嘴鷗

• 美國銀鷗，Larus smithsonianus大白頭鷗

• 安地斯鷗，Larus serranus

• 亞美尼亞鷗，Larus armenicus大白頭鷗

• 地中海鷗，Larus audouinii

• 斑尾鷗，Larus belcheri

• 紐西蘭黑嘴鷗，Larus bulleri

• 紅嘴鷗，Larus ridibundus

• 黑尾鷗，Larus crassirostris

• 博氏鷗，Larus philadelphia

• 棕頭鷗，Larus brunnicephalus

• 褐徠頭鷗，Larus maculipennis

• 加州鷗，Larus californicus

• 黃腳銀鷗，Larus cachinnans大白頭鷗

• 海鷗Larus canus

• 麥哲倫鷗，Larus scoresbii

• 織女銀鷗，Larus vegae大白頭鷗

• 弗氏鷗，Larus pipixcan

• 北極鷗，Larus hyperboreus大白頭鷗

• 灰翅鷗，Larus glaucescens大白頭鷗

• 大黑背鷗，Larus marinus大白頭鷗

• 漁鷗，Larus ichthyaetus

• 灰鷗，Larus modestus

• 灰頭鷗，Larus cirrocephalus

• 哈氏鷗，Larus hartlaubii

• 紅嘴灰鷗，Larus heermanni

• 銀鷗，Larus argentatus大白頭鷗

• 冰島鷗，Larus glaucoides大白頭鷗

• 白鷗，Pagophila eburnea

• 黑背鷗，Larus dominicanus大白頭鷗

• 三趾鷗，Rissa tridactyla

• 紅腿三趾鷗，Rissa brevirostris

• 笑鷗，Larus atricilla

• 岩鷗，Larus fuliginosus

• 小黑背鷗，Larus fuscus大白頭鷗

• 小鷗，Larus minutus

• 地中鷗，Larus melanocephalus

• 大西洋鷗，Larus atlanticus

• 太平洋鷗，Larus pacificus

• 紐西蘭紅嘴鷗，Larus scopulinus

• 遺鷗，Larus relictus

• 環嘴鷗，Larus delawarensis

• 楔尾鷗，Rhodostethia rosea

• 叉尾鷗，Xema sabini

• 黑嘴鷗，Larus saundersi

• 澳洲銀鷗，Larus novaehollandiae

• 灰背鷗，Larus schistisagus大白頭鷗

• 細嘴鷗，Larus genei

• 白領鷗，Larus hemprichii

• 燕尾鷗，Creagrus furcatus

• 泰氏銀鷗，Larus thayeri大白頭鷗

• 西美鷗，Larus occidentalis大白頭鷗

• 白眼鷗，Larus leucophthalmus

• 黃腳鷗，Larus livens大白頭鷗

• 黃腳銀鷗，Larus michahellis大白頭鷗

美國鳥類學家聯合會將燕鷗科、賊鷗科及剪嘴鷗科歸類為鷗科的亞科。