燈蛾科
鱗翅目燈蛾科動物
燈蛾科(拉丁學名:Arctiidae)為鱗翅目大鱗翅亞目夜蛾總科的一個大科,包含有現時世上所有飛蛾的其中1.1萬個品種,當中還包括了6000多個新熱帶(Neotropical)品種(Scoble 1995)。燈蛾科的特色,是它們在幼蟲期都是毛茸茸的,而成蟲大都帶著鮮艷的顏色。
燈蛾科
燈蛾科(Arctidae) 與鱗翅目夜蛾科體形相似,但體色鮮艷,通常為紅色或黃色,且多具條紋或斑點。成蟲觸角絲狀或羽狀。前翅M2、M3與Cu接近,似自中室下角分出;后翅Sc十Rl與Rs自基部合併,至中室中部或以外才復分開。成蟲具趨光性,多在夜間活動。
本科已知6000多種,美國白蛾Hyphantria cunea (Drury)是著名的檢疫害蟲。中國常見種類有紅緣燈蛾Amsacta lactinea (Cramer) 、塵污燈蛾Spilarctia obliqua (Walker)、人紋污燈蛾S. subcarnea (Walker)等。
燈蛾科
蜂蛾亞科 Ctenuchinae
苔蛾亞科 Lithosiinae
Pericopinae
鹿子蛾亞科Syntominae
燈蛾科
成蟲休息時將翅摺疊成屋脊狀,多在夜間活動,趨光性較強,如遇干擾,能分泌黃色腐蝕性刺鼻的臭油汁,有些種類甚至能發出爆裂聲以驅避敵害。燈蛾幼蟲具長而密的毛簇,體色常為黑色或褐色。腹足5對,除苔蛾幼蟲多以地衣苔蘚為食外,絕大多數燈蛾幼蟲為多食性。
幼蟲體上具毛瘤,生有濃密的長毛叢,毛的長短比較一致,中胸在氣門水平上具2~3個毛瘤。趾鉤雙序環式。幼蟲常為害棉花、禾穀類作物、蔬菜和果樹等。卵圓球形,表面有網狀花紋。蛹有絲質繭,繭上混有幼蟲體毛。
• 燈蛾群Arctiinina
• 麗燈蛾族Callimorphini
• 燈蛾族Arctiini
• 苔蛾亞科Lithosiinae
• 燈蛾亞科Arctiinae
• Pericopinae
• 鹿子蛾群Ctenuchinina
• 鹿子蛾族Syntomini
• 豐彩鹿子蛾族Euchromiini
• 鹿子蛾亞科Syntominae
• 蜂蛾亞科Ctenuchinae
以下為燈蛾科里比較常見的品種:
豹燈蛾Arctia caja Scarlet tiger moth, Callimorpha dominula Dogbane tiger moth (Delicate Cycnia), Cycnia tenera Milkweed tussock moth, Euchaetes egle 紅腹蜂蛾Euchromia elegantissima formosana Common Footman, Eilema lurideola 美國白蛾(Fall webworm),Hyphantria cunea Giant Leopard Moth, Hypercompe scribonia Hickory tussock moth, Lophocampa caryae | 亞麻籬燈蛾Phragmatobia fulginosa 燈蛾(Banded woolly bear, Isabella tiger moth),Pyrrharctia isabella 紅點渾黃燈蛾Rhyparioides subvaria 肖渾黃燈蛾Rhyparioides amurensis Buff Ermine, Spilarctia luteum 筋紋燈蛾Spilarctia seriatopunctata 人紋污燈蛾Spilarctia subcarnea 星白雪燈蛾Spilosoma menthastri 紅腹燈蛾Spilosoma punctaria Cinnabar moth, Tyria jacobaeae |
Aglaomorpha histrio formosana (Miyake,1907) 大麗燈蛾
Amerila astrea (Drury,1773) 閃光玫燈蛾
Amsacta lactinea (Cramer,1777) 紅緣燈蛾
Amsactoides solitarius (Wileman,1910) 陽污燈蛾
Areas galactina formosana Okano,1960 乳白斑燈蛾
Argina argus (Kollar,[1847]) 紋散麗燈蛾
Argina astrea (Drury,1733) 胡麻斑后黃燈蛾
Callimorpha albipuncta Wileman,1910 烏麗燈蛾
Calpenia takamukui Matsumura,1930 褐斑虎麗燈蛾
Creatonotos gangis (Linnaeus,1763) 黑條灰燈蛾
Creatonotos transiens vacillans Walker,1855 八點燈蛾
Eospilarctia lewisii formosana (Rothschild,1933) 褐帶污燈蛾
Eospilarctia nehallenia baibarensis (Matsumura,1930) 赭污燈蛾
Eospilarctia neurographa (Hampson,1909) 碎斑黃污燈蛾
Lemyra alikangensis (Strand,1915) 三斑污燈蛾
Lemyra fallaciosa (Matsumura,1930) 黃褐污燈蛾
Lemyra imparilis (Butler,1877) 暗點燈蛾
Lemyra moltrechti (Miyake,1909) 寥點橙燈蛾
Lemyra rhodophilodes (Hampson,1909) 姬白污燈蛾
Lemyra stigmata (Moore,1865) 點污燈蛾
Nikaea longipennis matsumurai Kishida,1983 長翅麗燈蛾
Nyctemera adversata (Schaller,1788) 粉蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera arctata albofasciata (Wileman,1911) 帶紋蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera baulus (Boisduval,1832) 六斑蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera cenis (Cramer,1777) 空蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera coleta (Stoll,1781) 毛脛蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera formosana (Swinhoe,1908) 后凸蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera kotoshonis Matsumura,1930 寬白帶蝶燈蛾
Nyctemera lacticinia (Cramer,1777) 黃尾蝶燈蛾
Paraspilarctia magna (Wileman,1910) 雙紋污燈蛾
Pitasila brylancik (Bryk,1937) 花斑蝶燈蛾
Pitasila fractifascia (Wileman,1911) 小花斑蝶燈蛾
Spilarctia alba (Bremer & Grey,1853) 凈雪燈蛾
Spilarctia clava (Wileman,1910) 棍棒污燈蛾
Spilarctia contaminata (Wileman,1910) 褐污燈蛾
Spilarctia fumida (Wileman,1910) 煙污燈蛾
Spilarctia kikuchii (Matsumura,1927) 菊池污燈蛾
Spilarctia postrubida (Wileman,1910) 橙污燈蛾
Spilarctia subcarnea Walker,1855 人紋污燈蛾
Spilarctia subtestacea (Rothschild,1910) 黃腹污燈蛾
Spilarctia taiwanensis (Wileman,1927) 黑須污燈蛾
Spilarctia tienmushana werneri Kishida,1991 連星污燈蛾
Spilarctia wilemani (Rothschild,1910) 褐赭污燈蛾
Utetheisa lotrix (Cramer,1777) 擬三色星燈蛾
Utetheisa pulchelloides vaga Jordan,1939 普三色星燈蛾
燈蛾科
1400-1500 個屬
約11,000 個品種